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Arthur Samuel's checkers program for the IBM 701 improved by playing against itself, and a televised demonstration introduced American viewers to the idea of a machine that got better at a game over time.
This is where machine learning acquired a public face. A program that improved through experience, shown to a television audience, made an abstract research idea concrete, and its use of self-play as a training method returned decades later at the center of the most capable game-playing systems ever built.
